All the popular search engines offer APIs to programmatically access results. The Live Search API 2.0 reportedly serves more than 3 billion queries/month.
Google offers specialized searches like Local Search and Blog Search that narrow down the scope of results. These specific category search results can also be fetched through code as this WebMonkey article explains.
Trivia: WebMonkey has a funny way of representing the skill level required for understanding the article -
Home » APIs »
HOWTO »
Javascript »
Search Engines
» HOW TO customize Search Engine results programmatically